Big 5 personality traits:
The Big Five model developed in 1949 resulted from the contributions of many independent researchers. Gordon Allport and Henry Odbert first formed a list of 4,500 terms relating to personality traits in 1936. Their work provided the foundation for other psychologists to begin determining the basic dimensions of personality.
In the 1940s , Raymond Cattell and his colleagues used factor analysis ( a statistical method ) to narrow down Allport's list to sixteen traits .
However , numerous psychologists examined Cattell's list and found that it could further reduced to five traits . Among these psychologists were Donald Fiske , Norman , Smith , Goldberg , and McCrae & Costa .
In particular , Lewis Goldberg advocated heavily for five primary factors of personality . His work was expanded upon by McCrae & Costa , who confirmed the model's validity and provided the model used today. Conscientiousness, Agreeableness , Neuroticism . Openness to experience , and Extraversion . The Big Five model is also sometimes called OCEAN or CANOE , both acronyms of the five traits
OPENNESSTOEXPERIENCE :
It is one of the " Big Five " personality factors which means being creative and open to new ideas ( people who like to learn new things and enjoy new experiences )
This factor indicates how open minded a person is .
People are imaginative , Insightful and having a variety of interests . They have creative thinking and have Flexible attitude.
✔HIGH ON OPENNESS:
Having unusual ideas and art
Imaginative
Creative
Curious
Daring and take risk
Open to new and different ideas
Flexible Attitude
✔LOW ON OPENNESS:
Conventional
Enjoy having routines
Less creative
less curious Down to earth
No flexibility
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS :
Conscientiousness is used to describe the degree to which person is organized .
How discipline he or she is and can also describe how careful a person is in certain situation .
Ability of people to control their pulse .
✔HIGH ON CONSCIENTIOUSNESS:
Hard working
Deliberated
Neat and systematic
Perfectionists
Highly dependable
✔ LOW ON CONSCIENTOUSNESS:
Less goal oriented
Antisocial
Criminal behavior
Not very dependable
Extraversion:
Extraversion is defined as a behavior where someone enjoys being around people more than being alone .
An example of extraversion is when someone always likes to be around people and enjoys being the center of attention .
They are social, talkative and always want to be the center of attention.
✔HIGH ON EXTRAVERSION:
Highlyinvolved in social situation
Talkative
Assertive
Active
Energetic
✔ LOW ON EXTRAVERSION:
less involved in social situation
Shy
Quiet
Reserved
Silent
AGGREABLENESS :
A personality dimension that describe the individual's propensity .
They easily agree with anyone.
They put their own personal interest set aside and give importance to others interests
Refers to tendency how people tend to treat with others on how people's orientation with others .
✔High in Aggreableness:
Warm and Helpful
Friendly
Put aside their own interests
Cooperative and Generous
Control their negative emotions
✔Low in Agreeableness :
Suspicious
Unfriendly
Self centered
Uncooperative
Manipulate their social relations
NEUROTICISM :
It is the tendency to experience negative emotions , such as anger , anxiety.or depression .
This trait determines the overall emotional stability
Persons who have high neuroticism usually experience emotionally instability and negative emotions . Such individuals remain moody and tense .
✔People high in Neuroticism :
Anxiety
Self consciousness
Depression
Impulsiveness
Angry
hostility
✔People low in Neuroticism :
Calm
Even tempered
Hardy
Unemotional
